# Phartoonz

> The high-yield pharmacology question bank for international and domestic pharmacists.

## Practice

- [Practice questions](https://www.phartoonz.com/questions/): free sample questions by topic
- [All topics](https://www.phartoonz.com/topics/)
- [Blog](https://www.phartoonz.com/blog/): study articles
- [Acute & Critical Care Medicine](https://www.phartoonz.com/questions/acute-critical-care-medicine/)
- [Acute Coronary Syndromes](https://www.phartoonz.com/questions/acute-coronary-syndromes/)
- [Allergic Rhinitis, Cough & Cold](https://www.phartoonz.com/questions/allergic-rhinitis-cough-cold/)
- [Anemia](https://www.phartoonz.com/questions/anemia/)
- [Answering Case-Based Exam Questions](https://www.phartoonz.com/questions/answering-case-based-exam-questions/)
- [Anticoagulation](https://www.phartoonz.com/questions/anticoagulation/)
- [Anxiety Disorders](https://www.phartoonz.com/questions/anxiety-disorders/)
- [Arrhythmias](https://www.phartoonz.com/questions/arrhythmias/)
- [Asthma](https://www.phartoonz.com/questions/asthma/)
- [Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder \(ADHD\)](https://www.phartoonz.com/questions/attention-deficit-hyperactivity-disorder-adhd/)
- [Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia \(BPH\)](https://www.phartoonz.com/questions/benign-prostatic-hyperplasia-bph/)
- [Biostatistics](https://www.phartoonz.com/questions/biostatistics/)
- [Bipolar Disorder](https://www.phartoonz.com/questions/bipolar-disorder/)
- [Calculations I: Math Basics](https://www.phartoonz.com/questions/calculations-i-math-basics/)
- [Calculations II: Compounding](https://www.phartoonz.com/questions/calculations-ii-compounding/)
- [Calculations III: Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition](https://www.phartoonz.com/questions/calculations-iii-parenteral-and-enteral-nutrition/)
- [Calculations IV: Clinical](https://www.phartoonz.com/questions/calculations-iv-clinical/)
- [Centrally Acting Analgesics](https://www.phartoonz.com/questions/centrally-acting-analgesics/)
- [Chronic Heart Failure](https://www.phartoonz.com/questions/chronic-heart-failure/)
- [Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease](https://www.phartoonz.com/questions/chronic-obstructive-pulmonary-disease/)
- [Common Conditions of the Eyes and Ears](https://www.phartoonz.com/questions/common-conditions-of-the-eyes-and-ears/)
- [Common Opioids](https://www.phartoonz.com/questions/common-opioids/)
- [Common Skin Conditions](https://www.phartoonz.com/questions/common-skin-conditions/)
- [Compounding I: Basics](https://www.phartoonz.com/questions/compounding-i-basics/)
- [Compounding II: Equipment, Stability & Excipients](https://www.phartoonz.com/questions/compounding-ii-equipment-stability-excipients/)
- [Compounding III: Documentation & Preparation](https://www.phartoonz.com/questions/compounding-iii-documentation-preparation/)
- [Constipation & Diarrhea](https://www.phartoonz.com/questions/constipation-diarrhea/)
- [Contraception & Infertility](https://www.phartoonz.com/questions/contraception-infertility/)
- [Cystic Fibrosis](https://www.phartoonz.com/questions/cystic-fibrosis/)
- [Depression](https://www.phartoonz.com/questions/depression/)
- [Diabetes](https://www.phartoonz.com/questions/diabetes/)
- [Dietary Supplements, Natural & Complementary Medicine](https://www.phartoonz.com/questions/dietary-supplements-natural-complementary-medicine/)
- [Drug Allergies and Adverse Drug Reactions](https://www.phartoonz.com/questions/drug-allergies-and-adverse-drug-reactions/)
- [Drug Formulations and Patient Counseling](https://www.phartoonz.com/questions/drug-formulations-and-patient-counseling/)
- [Drug Use in Pregnancy & Lactation](https://www.phartoonz.com/questions/drug-use-in-pregnancy-lactation/)
- [Dyslipidemia](https://www.phartoonz.com/questions/dyslipidemia/)
- [Emergency Preparedness, Toxicology & Antidotes](https://www.phartoonz.com/questions/emergency-preparedness-toxicology-antidotes/)
- [Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease & Peptic Ulcer Disease](https://www.phartoonz.com/questions/gastroesophageal-reflux-disease-peptic-ulcer-disease/)
- [General](https://www.phartoonz.com/questions/general/)
- [General Pharmacy](https://www.phartoonz.com/questions/general-pharmacy/)
- [Gout](https://www.phartoonz.com/questions/gout/)
- [Hepatitis & Liver Disease](https://www.phartoonz.com/questions/hepatitis-liver-disease/)
- [Human Immunodeficiency Virus \(HIV\)](https://www.phartoonz.com/questions/human-immunodeficiency-virus-hiv/)
- [Hypertension](https://www.phartoonz.com/questions/hypertension/)
- [Identify Drug, Indication or Diagnosis](https://www.phartoonz.com/questions/identify-drug-indication-or-diagnosis/)
- [Immunizations](https://www.phartoonz.com/questions/immunizations/)
- [Infectious Diseases I: Background & Antibacterials by Drug Class](https://www.phartoonz.com/questions/infectious-diseases-i-background-antibacterials-by-drug-class/)
- [Infectious Diseases II: Bacterial Infections](https://www.phartoonz.com/questions/infectious-diseases-ii-bacterial-infections/)
- [Inflammatory Bowel Disease](https://www.phartoonz.com/questions/inflammatory-bowel-disease/)
- [Ischemic Heart Disease](https://www.phartoonz.com/questions/ischemic-heart-disease/)
- [Learning Basic Science Concepts](https://www.phartoonz.com/questions/learning-basic-science-concepts/)
- [Learning Drug Interactions](https://www.phartoonz.com/questions/learning-drug-interactions/)
- [Learning Drug References](https://www.phartoonz.com/questions/learning-drug-references/)
- [Learning IV Medications](https://www.phartoonz.com/questions/learning-iv-medications/)
- [Learning Lab Values & Drug Monitoring](https://www.phartoonz.com/questions/learning-lab-values-drug-monitoring/)
- [Medication Safety & Quality Improvement](https://www.phartoonz.com/questions/medication-safety-quality-improvement/)
- [Migraine](https://www.phartoonz.com/questions/migraine/)
- [Motion Sickness](https://www.phartoonz.com/questions/motion-sickness/)
- [Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs](https://www.phartoonz.com/questions/non-steroidal-anti-inflammatory-drugs/)
- [Oncology II: Common Cancer Types & Treatments](https://www.phartoonz.com/questions/oncology-ii-common-cancer-types-treatments/)
- [Oral Adjuvants for Neuropathic Pain](https://www.phartoonz.com/questions/oral-adjuvants-for-neuropathic-pain/)
- [Osteoporosis, Menopause & Testosterone Use](https://www.phartoonz.com/questions/osteoporosis-menopause-testosterone-use/)
- [Parkinson Disease](https://www.phartoonz.com/questions/parkinson-disease/)
- [Pediatric Conditions](https://www.phartoonz.com/questions/pediatric-conditions/)
- [Pharmacogenomics](https://www.phartoonz.com/questions/pharmacogenomics/)
- [Pharmacokinetics](https://www.phartoonz.com/questions/pharmacokinetics/)
- [Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension](https://www.phartoonz.com/questions/pulmonary-arterial-hypertension/)
- [Renal Disease](https://www.phartoonz.com/questions/renal-disease/)
- [Schizophrenia/Psychosis](https://www.phartoonz.com/questions/schizophrenia-psychosis/)
- [Seizures/Epilepsy](https://www.phartoonz.com/questions/seizures-epilepsy/)
- [Sexual Dysfunction](https://www.phartoonz.com/questions/sexual-dysfunction/)
- [Sickle Cell Disease](https://www.phartoonz.com/questions/sickle-cell-disease/)
- [Sleep Disorders: Insomnia, Restless Legs Syndrome \(RLS\) & Narcolepsy](https://www.phartoonz.com/questions/sleep-disorders-insomnia-restless-legs-syndrome-rls-narcolepsy/)
- [Systemic Steroids & Autoimmune Conditions](https://www.phartoonz.com/questions/systemic-steroids-autoimmune-conditions/)
- [Thyroid Disorders](https://www.phartoonz.com/questions/thyroid-disorders/)
- [Tobacco Cessation](https://www.phartoonz.com/questions/tobacco-cessation/)
- [Topical Adjuvants](https://www.phartoonz.com/questions/topical-adjuvants/)
- [Transplant](https://www.phartoonz.com/questions/transplant/)
- [Travelers](https://www.phartoonz.com/questions/travelers/)
- [Urinary Incontinence](https://www.phartoonz.com/questions/urinary-incontinence/)
- [Weight Loss](https://www.phartoonz.com/questions/weight-loss/)

## Mock exams

- [Mock exams](https://www.phartoonz.com/exam/): 101 timed mock exams with scoring and review

## Blog categories

- [Diseases](https://www.phartoonz.com/blog/category/diseases-catalog/): 22 articles
- [Dose measurements](https://www.phartoonz.com/blog/category/doses/): 6 articles
- [Drug facts](https://www.phartoonz.com/blog/category/drug-facts/): 28 articles
- [Food & Vitamins](https://www.phartoonz.com/blog/category/food-vitamins/): 3 articles
- [General](https://www.phartoonz.com/blog/category/phartoonz/): 56 articles
- [Mnemonics](https://www.phartoonz.com/blog/category/mnemonics/): 13 articles
- [News & Updates](https://www.phartoonz.com/blog/category/news-updates/): 8 articles
- [Patho-physiology](https://www.phartoonz.com/blog/category/patho/): 4 articles
- [PEBC - Evaluating Examination](https://www.phartoonz.com/blog/category/pebc-pharmacist-evaluating-examination/): 5 articles
- [Pharmacology](https://www.phartoonz.com/blog/category/pharmacology/): 4 articles
- [Physiology](https://www.phartoonz.com/blog/category/physiology/): 9 articles
- [Quizzes](https://www.phartoonz.com/blog/category/quizzes/): 3 articles

## Recent articles

- [Essential Pharmaceutical Equations](https://www.phartoonz.com/blog/essential-pharmaceutical-equations/): Essential pharmaceutical equations in one table: dilution, Henderson-Hasselbalch, first- and zero-order kinetics, bioavailability and Cockcroft-Gault CrCl.
- [Understanding the Dilution Equation](https://www.phartoonz.com/blog/understanding-the-dilution-equation/): The dilution equation is a fundamental formula in pharmaceutical calculations, chemistry, and biology
- [Top 10 pharmaceutical products in 2023 with MoA – ranked!](https://www.phartoonz.com/blog/top-10-pharmaceutical-products-in-2023-with-moa-ranked/): Top 10 pharmaceutical products of 2023 ranked by projected sales, with each drug's company, disease and mechanism of action, starting with Keytruda.
- [Pharmaceutical Antidotes](https://www.phartoonz.com/blog/pharmaceutical-antidotes/): In our pursuit of optimal patient care, antidotes stand as vital tools. These specialized interventions are designed to counteract the harmful effects of poisonings or excessive medication doses. Our…
- [Electrolytes Relationships](https://www.phartoonz.com/blog/electrolytes-relationships/): Which electrolytes have an inverse relationship? See how sodium, potassium, calcium, magnesium & phosphate balance each other — with a clear chart.
- [Kidney Diseases Charts at a glance](https://www.phartoonz.com/blog/kidney-diseases-charts-at-a-glance/): Kidney disease charts at a glance for acute kidney injury \(AKI\), chronic kidney disease \(CKD\) and dialysis: phases, signs and symptoms, and interventions.
- [Gallbladder Diseases Chart](https://www.phartoonz.com/blog/gallbladder-diseases-chart/): Gallbladder diseases chart covering cholecystitis, cholelithiasis, cholangitis and gallstone pancreatitis, with what each term means and its symptoms.
- [Comparison of different types of recent COVID oral antivirals.](https://www.phartoonz.com/blog/comparison-of-different-types-of-recent-covid-oral-antivirals/): novel oral antivirals for COVID-19. The medications currently under consideration are Merck’s molnupiravir and Pfizer’s paxlovid.
- [Top Common Medications Errors](https://www.phartoonz.com/blog/top-common-medications-errors/): Common medication errors explained: why they occur and the main types, including prescribing, wrong time, omission, improper dose and preparation errors.
- [PHARMACODYNAMICS QUIZ](https://www.phartoonz.com/blog/pharmacodynamics-quiz/): Pharmacodynamics quiz with 42 questions and an 80% passing score to test your knowledge, with a link to read the difference from pharmacokinetics first.
- [How to remember LIVE ATTENUATED VACCINES](https://www.phartoonz.com/blog/how-to-remember-live-attenuated-vaccines/): Live attenuated vaccines mnemonic: one phrase to recall BCG, yellow fever, rubella, intranasal influenza, typhoid, mumps, oral polio, rotavirus and more.
- [Metronidazole Uses Mnemonics](https://www.phartoonz.com/blog/metronidazole-uses-mnemonics/): Metronidazole uses mnemonic GET A METRO: a quick way to remember the clinical uses of this antibiotic for Giardia, Entamoeba, Trichomonas and anaerobes.
- [List of electrolytes and their normal range](https://www.phartoonz.com/blog/list-of-electrolytes-and-their-normal-range/): What are the normal range of electrolytes in the human body ?These are the normal lab values of the body most common electrolytes:
- [Antibiogram Template chart \(excel sheet\)](https://www.phartoonz.com/blog/antibiogram-template-chart-excel-sheet/): Antibiogram template chart in Excel: what a hospital antibiogram is and how to summarise local antimicrobial susceptibility of pathogens to antibiotics.
- [Stroke at a glance – F.A.S.T Signs](https://www.phartoonz.com/blog/stroke-at-a-glance/): Similar to heart attack, stroke is a brain attack due to ischemia \(Blood doesn't flow well to the brain cells\). F.A.S.T are the signs of Strokes.
- [Pharmaceutical Antidotes quiz with answers](https://www.phartoonz.com/blog/antidotes-quiz/): Test your knowledge regarding toxic doses of many drugs and their popular and specific antidotes by taking this quick pharmaceutical antidotes quiz.
- [Benzodiazepines in Liver Failure](https://www.phartoonz.com/blog/benzodiazepines-in-liver-failure/): Benzodiazepines in liver failure: how the class acts on GABA-A receptors, plus the LOT mnemonic \(lorazepam, oxazepam, temazepam\) for use in liver disease.
- [How to remember Cardio Selective Beta Blockers](https://www.phartoonz.com/blog/how-to-remember-cardio-selective-beta-blockers/): Mnemonic for cardioselective beta blockers that act only on B1 receptors in the heart: betaxolol, acebutolol, esmolol, atenolol and metoprolol \(BAEAM\).
- [COVID-19 VS MERS VS SARS](https://www.phartoonz.com/blog/2019-ncov-vs-mers-vs-sars/): Difference between COVID-19 pandemic and MERS \(Middle East Respiratory Syndrome\) and SARS \(Sever Acute Respiratory Syndrome\).
- [2019 Novel Coronavirus – Safety tips](https://www.phartoonz.com/blog/2019-novel-coronavirus-safety-tips/): Novel coronavirus \(2019-nCoV\) safety tips from the 2019-20 China pneumonia outbreak, presented as a series of six illustrated safety tip images.
- [Ligaments VS Tendons](https://www.phartoonz.com/blog/ligaments-vs-tendons/): Ligament vs tendon — what's the difference? Ligaments join bone to bone, tendons join muscle to bone. A simple mnemonic so you never mix them up again.
- [New Antibiotics Spectrum for problematic pathogens](https://www.phartoonz.com/blog/new-antibiotics-spectrum-for-problematic-pathogens/): It is a nightmare for ID physicians and microbiologists when it comes to select appropriate antibiotics to fight problematic pathogens like: ESBLS MDR Pseudomonas CRE \(carbapenem resistant enterobact…
- [SNRI VS SSRI | Quick Comparison](https://www.phartoonz.com/blog/snri-vs-ssri/): SSRI VS SNRI Serotonin and norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors \(SNRI\) Venlafaxine desvenlafaxine Duloxetine SNRI manage depression associated with pain. This is attributed to their ability to inhibit…
- [Why you should avoid alcohol while taking metronidazole ?](https://www.phartoonz.com/blog/why-you-should-avoid-alcohol-while-taking-metronidazole/): Metronidazole is a well-known anti-bacterial agent that has been used for decades to treat infections, especially gram positive agents. However, it is recommended to avoid alcohol while you are under…
- [Antibiotics Questions and Answers | Quiz](https://www.phartoonz.com/blog/anti-infective-quizzes/): Test your knowledge with these 10 questions about antibiotics and answers, more to come! There are a lot of quizzes also to test your pharmaceutical and pharmacology knowledge here.
- [Warfarin VS Heparin](https://www.phartoonz.com/blog/warfarin-vs-heparin/): Warfarin vs heparin: an easy visual way to remember the differences between the two anticoagulants, including monitoring with INR versus aPTT.
- [Plaque \(Atherosclerosis\) – How to remember](https://www.phartoonz.com/blog/plaque-atherosclerosis-how-to-remember/): What arterial plaque \(atherosclerosis\) is and how it progresses, plus the SIMA mnemonic for diseases caused by plaque: stroke, ischemia, MI and angina.
- [Top 10 Pharmaceutical companies in 2019](https://www.phartoonz.com/blog/top-10-pharmaceutical-companies-in-2019/): Top 10 pharmaceutical companies in the world as of 2019, from Roche, J&J, Sanofi and Merck to Novartis, AbbVie, Amgen, GSK and BMS, shown in a ranked list.
- [Functions of the Kidney – Mnemonics](https://www.phartoonz.com/blog/functions-of-the-kidney-mnemonics/): Kidney functions mnemonic A WET BED: acid-base balance, water removal, erythropoiesis, toxin removal, blood pressure control, electrolytes and vitamin D.
- [TOP 10 Pharmaceutical companies 2018](https://www.phartoonz.com/blog/top-10-pharmaceutical-companies-2018/): List of the top 10 pharmaceutical companies of 2018 with their home countries, including Roche, Pfizer, AbbVie, Johnson & Johnson, Sanofi and Merck.

## Books

- [Lippincott Illustrated Reviews: Pharmacology 6th edition](https://www.phartoonz.com/books/lippincott-illustrated-reviews-pharmacology-6th-edition/): Lippincott Illustrated Reviews: Pharmacology, Sixth Edition, is the updated, enhanced version of the student-favorite resource of pharmacology.
- [PharmCards: Review Cards for Medical Students](https://www.phartoonz.com/books/pharmcards-review-cards-for-medical-students/): Set of 240 loose, double-sided flash cards designed for course review and USMLE Step 1 preparation. Contains 50 new cards, 100 new drugs, 14 new class cards, and a new fundamentals of pharmacology se…
- [Antibiotics Simplified](https://www.phartoonz.com/books/antibiotics-simplified/): Antibiotics Simplified, Third Edition is a best-selling guide designed to bridge knowledge gained in basic sciences courses with clinical practice.
- [Antibiotic Resistance: Mechanisms and New Antimicrobial Approaches](https://www.phartoonz.com/books/antibiotic-resistance-new-antimicrobial-approaches/): Antibiotic Resistance: Mechanisms and New Antimicrobial Approaches discusses up-to-date knowledge in mechanisms of antibiotic resistance and all recent advances in fighting microbial resistance such…
- [Community Pharmacy: Symptoms, Diagnosis and Treatment](https://www.phartoonz.com/books/community-pharmacy-symptoms-diagnosis-and-treatment/): best-selling book is fully updated to address the ever increasing demands on healthcare professionals to deliver high-quality patient care. A multitude of factors impinge on healthcare delivery today…
- [Handbook of Nonprescription Drugs: An Interactive Approach to Self-Care](https://www.phartoonz.com/books/handbook-nonprescription-drugs-interactive-approach-self-care/): Thoroughly updated and revised, the Handbook of Nonprescription Drugs: An Interactive Approach to Self-Care provides accessible information on nonprescription drug pharmacotherapy, nutritional supple…
- [Pharmacology: A Patient-Centered Nursing Process Approach 8th edition](https://www.phartoonz.com/books/pharmacology-a-patient-centered-nursing-process-approach/): Prepare to administer drugs safely by mastering key pharmacology concepts and drug calculation skills! Pharmacology: A Patient-Centered Nursing Process Approach, 8th Edition covers nursing pharmacolo…
- [Saunders Comprehensive Review for the NCLEX-RN® Examination 7e](https://www.phartoonz.com/books/saunders-comprehensive-review-for-the-nclex-rn-examination/): Often called the ‘the best NCLEX® exam review book ever,’ Saunders Comprehensive Review for the NCLEX-RN® Examination, 7th Edition provides everything you need to prepare for the NCLEX exam — complet…
- [Medical Pharmacology at a Glance](https://www.phartoonz.com/books/medical-pharmacology-glance/): Medical Pharmacology at a Glance is recognised as an excellent starting point for pharmacology study. This international best-seller is the perfect companion for all medical and health students, prov…
- [Basic & Clinical Pharmacology, 13th Edition](https://www.phartoonz.com/books/basic-clinical-pharmacology-13th-edition/): Gain a full understanding of the basic science and clinical use of drugs with the most up-to-date and comprehensive pharmacology text in the health sciences
- [Katzung & Trevor’s Pharmacology Examination and Board Review,11th Edition](https://www.phartoonz.com/books/katzung-trevors-pharmacology-examination-and-board-review/): Katzung & Trevor's Pharmacology Examination and Board Review
- [Principles of Pharmacology: The Pathophysiologic Basis of Drug Therapy 4th Edition](https://www.phartoonz.com/books/principles-of-pharmacology-the-pathophysiologic-basis-of-drug-therapy/): Highly regarded by both students and instructors, Principles of Pharmacology: The Pathophysiologic Basis of Drug Therapy, 4th Edition, offers an integrated mechanism-based and systems-based approach…
- [Workbook and Casebook for Goodman and Gilman’s The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics \(Pharmacology\) 1st Edition](https://www.phartoonz.com/books/workbook-and-casebook-for-goodman-and-gilman-the-pharmacological-basis-of-therapeutics/): Goodman & Gilman’s Workbook for Pharmacologic Therapeutics delivers concise, high-yield summaries of the world-renowned coverage of the actions and uses of therapeutic agents in relation to physiolog…
- [Pharmaceutical Calculations 15th Edition](https://www.phartoonz.com/books/pharmaceutical-calculations-15th-edition/): Master the fundamental calculations principles and basic techniques you need to know for successful pharmacy practice! Thoroughly reviewed by practitioners, and educators, this 15th Edition maintains…

## About & policies

- [About Us](https://www.phartoonz.com/p/about/): Learn about Phartoonz, a pharmacology practice platform for pharmacy students, graduates and professionals preparing for pharmacy licensing exams.
- [Contact Us](https://www.phartoonz.com/p/contact/): Contact the Phartoonz team with a question about our pharmacology practice questions, study resources or blog. Send a message and we will get back to you.
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- [How to remember Monoclonal Antibodies “MABs”](https://www.phartoonz.com/p/how-to-remember-monoclonal-antibodies-mabs/): How to remember monoclonal antibodies \(MABs\): a nomenclature guide to -mab prefixes and suffixes, with mnemonics for denosumab, abciximab and trastuzumab.
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- [Pharmacology Quizzes](https://www.phartoonz.com/p/pharmacology-quiz-mcq/): Free online pharmacology quizzes with answers: MCQ practice tests on many topics for pharmacists, nurses and technicians preparing for NAPLEX or PEBC.
- [Pharmacy Practice Questions \(2\)](https://www.phartoonz.com/p/pharmacy-practice-questions-2/)
- [Pharmacy Practice Questions \(3\)](https://www.phartoonz.com/p/pharmacy-practice-questions-3/)
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