Blog
Pharmacology articles, lessons and study guides for PEBC, NAPLEX, OPRA and FPGEE.
Pharmaceutical CalculationsEssential Pharmaceutical Equations
Pharmaceutical sciences rely heavily on mathematical equations to understand, predict, and optimize drug behavior. From formulating medications to analyzing their pharmacokinetics and stability, these equations provide a foundation for precision and efficiency. Whether you’re a pharmacist, researcher, or student, mastering these formulas is crucial for accurate calculations and informed decision-making. In this guide, we’ve compiled…
Jan 11, 2025
Pharmaceutical CalculationsUnderstanding the Dilution Equation
The dilution equation is a fundamental formula in pharmaceutical calculations, chemistry, and biology. It is used to prepare solutions of a desired concentration by diluting a more concentrated solution. The equation is: Where: This equation is based on the principle that the total amount of solute remains constant before and after dilution. By rearranging the…
Jan 11, 2025
GeneralTop 10 pharmaceutical products in 2023 with MoA – ranked!
This following list has the top 10 drugs that have the potential to be game-changers in the field of medicine and provide new hope for patients with serious diseases. They are ranked by the projected USD sales in billions. Drug Company Disease Projected sales (billion USD) Mechanism of action Keytruda Merck & Co. Cancer 24…
Aug 28, 2023
GeneralPharmaceutical Antidotes
In our pursuit of optimal patient care, antidotes stand as vital tools. These specialized interventions are designed to counteract the harmful effects of poisonings or excessive medication doses. Our comprehensive compilation is here to provide pharmacists like you with an in-depth overview of commonly used pharmaceutical antidotes, along with the specific substances or drugs they…
Aug 8, 2023
GeneralElectrolytes Relationships
Electrolytes are essential to various bodily functions and an any imbalance could be dangerous and even life threatening. They are balanced inside our body and have normal ranges, any excess or deficiency could cause disease and symptoms. ELECTROLYTE RELATIONSHIPS Sodium/Potassium-> INVERSE high Na= low K Calcium/Phosphorus -> INVERSE high Ca = low Phos Calcium/Vitamin D->SIMILAR…
Jan 21, 2022
DiseasesKidney Diseases Charts at a glance
Kidney disease charts at a glance for acute kidney injury (AKI), chronic kidney disease (CKD) and dialysis: phases, signs and symptoms, and interventions.
Jan 19, 2022
- Diseases
Gallbladder Diseases Chart
Gallbladder diseases chart covering cholecystitis, cholelithiasis, cholangitis and gallstone pancreatitis, with what each term means and its symptoms.
Jan 18, 2022
DiseasesComparison of different types of recent COVID oral antivirals.
novel oral antivirals for COVID-19. The medications currently under consideration are Merck’s molnupiravir and Pfizer’s paxlovid.
Dec 29, 2021
- Drug facts
Top Common Medications Errors
Common medication errors explained: why they occur and the main types, including prescribing, wrong time, omission, improper dose and preparation errors.
Mar 6, 2021
- Quizzes
PHARMACODYNAMICS QUIZ
Pharmacodynamics quiz with 42 questions and an 80% passing score to test your knowledge, with a link to read the difference from pharmacokinetics first.
Mar 6, 2021
MnemonicsHow to remember LIVE ATTENUATED VACCINES
Live attenuated vaccines mnemonic: one phrase to recall BCG, yellow fever, rubella, intranasal influenza, typhoid, mumps, oral polio, rotavirus and more.
Jan 20, 2021
MnemonicsMetronidazole Uses Mnemonics
Metronidazole uses mnemonic GET A METRO: a quick way to remember the clinical uses of this antibiotic for Giardia, Entamoeba, Trichomonas and anaerobes.
Oct 31, 2020